{"id":1402,"date":"2015-10-02T17:36:41","date_gmt":"2015-10-02T15:36:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.robinglauser.ch\/blog\/?p=1402"},"modified":"2015-10-02T22:18:50","modified_gmt":"2015-10-02T20:18:50","slug":"list-of-really-handy-andor-useless-command-line-tools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.robinglauser.ch\/blog\/2015\/10\/02\/list-of-really-handy-andor-useless-command-line-tools\/","title":{"rendered":"List of really handy and\/or useless command line tools"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/h2>\n

This is a list of useful command line tools which I often use during my day. For every tool I have listed a example with the parameters and the output of the tool.<\/p>\n

Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n

$ toolname --option=value --other-option\r\nOutput of toolname when run on my machine.\r\nThis might not be identical on your installation.<\/pre>\n
apropos<\/h2>\n
With apropos you can search all\u00a0man entries of\u00a0programs. With this you can find programs which do things related to a keyword like “cdrom” or “file”.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ apropos font\r\npamtompfont(1) - see http:\/\/netpbm.sourceforge.net\/doc\/pamtompfont.html\r\nppmdcfont(1) - see http:\/\/netpbm.sourceforge.net\/doc\/ppmdcfont.html\r\nppmddumpfont(1) - see http:\/\/netpbm.sourceforge.net\/doc\/ppmddumpfont.html\r\nppmdmkfont(1) - see http:\/\/netpbm.sourceforge.net\/doc\/ppmdmkfont.html\r\naddftinfo(1) - add information to troff font files for use with groff\r\nafmtodit(1) - create font files for use with groff -Tps\r\natsutil(8) - font registration system utility\r\nfont(ntcl) - Create and inspect fonts\r\nfontd(8) - Mac OS X system font registration manager\r\nfontmover(8) - Mac OS X system font mover\r\nfontrestore(8) - Restore the available system fonts to a pristine state, if possible\r\nfontworker(8) - Mac OS X system font registration and validation daemon\r\ngroff_font(5) - format of groff device and font description files\r\nhpftodit(1) - create font description files for use with groff -Tlj4\r\nlj4_font(5) - groff fonts for use with devlj4\r\npfbtops(1) - translate a PostScript font in .pfb format to ASCII\r\ntfmtodit(1) - create font files for use with groff -Tdvi<\/pre>\n
whois<\/h2>\n
Whois is a command to get the information about domains and their users, like the nameserver or technical contact.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ whois robinglauser.ch\r\nwhois: This information is subject to an Acceptable Use Policy.\r\nSee http:\/\/www.nic.ch\/terms\/aup.html\r\n\r\n\r\nDomain name:\r\nrobinglauser.ch\r\n\r\nHolder of domain name:\r\nRobin Glauser\r\nNiesenstrasse 26C\r\nCH-3600 Thun\r\nSwitzerland\r\nContractual Language: German\r\n\r\nTechnical contact:\r\ncyon GmbH\r\nDavid Burkardt\r\nAeschengraben 6\r\nCH-4051 Basel\r\nSwitzerland\r\n\r\nRegistrar:\r\ncyon GmbH\r\n\r\nFirst registration date:\r\n2014-07-23\r\n\r\nDNSSEC:N\r\n\r\nName servers:\r\nderek.ns.cloudflare.com\r\nivy.ns.cloudflare.com\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
curl<\/h2>\n
With curl you can create http requests and print the response to the standard output.<\/p>\n
Example (Output\u00a0shortened):<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ curl https:\/\/www.robinglauser.ch\r\n<!DOCTYPE html><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><title>Robin Glauser | Portfolio<\/title><meta name=\"description\" content=\"My portfolio\"><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\"><link rel=\"icon\" type=\"image\/x-icon\" href=\"..\/favicon.ico\"><link rel=\"shortcut icon\" type=\"image\/x-icon\" href=\"..\/favicon.ico\"><style>*,:after,:before{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.jumbotron{padding:30px;margin-bottom:30px;background:#2c3e50;color:#fff;text-align:center}img{border:0;vertical-align:middle}.jumbotron{padding-top:48px;padding-bottom:48px}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.jumbotron{padding:48px 0}}body{font-family:\"Source Sans Pro\",Candara,Arial,sans-serif;....<\/pre>\n
uptime<\/h2>\n
With the uptime command you can see how long your machine has been running.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ uptime\r\n12:46 up 1 day, 9 mins, 3 users, load averages: 1,87 1,86 1,86<\/pre>\n
ps<\/h2>\n
Ps is a command to list and filter all processes running on your machine. By default it only lists the processes running in your current shell.<\/p>\n
Example without any arguments:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ ps\r\n PID TTY TIME CMD\r\n 2091 ttys000 0:00.01 -bash<\/pre>\n
If you provide the argument -e all processes will be listed.<\/p>\n
Example with argument -e (Output\u00a0shortened)<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ ps -e\r\n PID TTY TIME CMD\r\n 1 ?? 0:59.60 \/sbin\/launchd\r\n 42 ?? 0:10.80 \/usr\/libexec\/UserEventAgent (System)\r\n 43 ?? 0:20.07 \/usr\/sbin\/syslogd\r\n 45 ?? 0:11.36 \/usr\/libexec\/kextd\r\n 46 ?? 0:19.04 \/System\/Library\/Frameworks\/CoreServices.framework\/Vers\r\n 50 ?? 0:00.46 \/System\/Library\/CoreServices\/appleeventsd --server\r\n 51 ?? 0:06.37 \/usr\/libexec\/configd\r\n 52 ?? 0:02.25 \/System\/Library\/CoreServices\/powerd.bundle\/powerd\r\n...<\/pre>\n
ln<\/h2>\n
With ln you can create symbolic and hard links between files or directories. The difference between the two is that symbolic links work over multiple partitions and has its own\u00a0Inode<\/a>. A hard link instead\u00a0points to\u00a0the same Inode as the referenced file.<\/p>\n
Just remember to first provide the file or directory which already exists and then the new file for the link. In most cases a symbolic link is what you want.<\/p>\n
Example for creating a symbolic link:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ ln -s existing_file linked_file<\/pre>\n
Example for creating a hard link:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ ln existing_file linked_file<\/pre>\n
ping<\/h2>\n
Ping is one of the more simple commands in this list. It will “ping” the host you’ve provided as the first argument by sending\u00a0 (ICMP) echo request packets to it.<\/p>\n
The command will run until you stop it with the key-combination (Ctrl+C). It the displays a statistic about how many packets were lost and how long it took for the packets for the round-trip.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ ping google.com\r\nPING google.com (193.135.3.99): 56 data bytes\r\n64 bytes from 193.135.3.99: icmp_seq=0 ttl=58 time=7.591 ms\r\n64 bytes from 193.135.3.99: icmp_seq=1 ttl=58 time=7.867 ms\r\n64 bytes from 193.135.3.99: icmp_seq=2 ttl=58 time=7.879 ms\r\n64 bytes from 193.135.3.99: icmp_seq=3 ttl=58 time=7.569 ms\r\n^C\r\n--- google.com ping statistics ---\r\n4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0.0% packet loss\r\nround-trip min\/avg\/max\/stddev = 7.569\/7.726\/7.879\/0.147 ms<\/pre>\n
wget<\/h2>\n
Wget is\u00a0similar to curl, but instead of printing the response of the web-server it saves it to your hard-drive. It also has options for saving a whole website locally so you can access it without a internet connection.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ wget google.com\r\n--2015-10-02 13:08:02-- http:\/\/google.com\/\r\nResolving google.com (google.com)... 2a00:1450:400a:806::1005, 193.135.3.104, 193.135.3.114, ...\r\nConnecting to google.com (google.com)|2a00:1450:400a:806::1005|:80... connected.\r\nHTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found\r\nLocation: http:\/\/www.google.ch\/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=kmUOVp_KLsWX8QeUrKmQAQ [following]\r\n--2015-10-02 13:08:02-- http:\/\/www.google.ch\/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=kmUOVp_KLsWX8QeUrKmQAQ\r\nResolving www.google.ch (www.google.ch)... 2a00:1450:400a:805::101f, 193.134.255.123, 193.134.255.118, ...\r\nConnecting to www.google.ch (www.google.ch)|2a00:1450:400a:805::101f|:80... connected.\r\nHTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK\r\nLength: unspecified<\/pre>\n
Saving to: ‘index.html’<\/p>\n
index.html [ <=> ] 19.29K –.-KB\/s in 0s<\/p>\n
2015-10-02 13:08:02 (53.1 MB\/s) – ‘index.html’ saved [19748]<\/p>\n
Example for copying a whole website to your hard-drive:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ wget --mirror -p --convert-links -P fly\/ fly.robinio.ch\r\n--2015-10-02 13:10:44-- http:\/\/fly.robinio.ch\/\r\nResolving fly.robinio.ch (fly.robinio.ch)... 194.126.200.41\r\nConnecting to fly.robinio.ch (fly.robinio.ch)|194.126.200.41|:80... connected.\r\nHTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK\r\nLength: unspecified\r\n\r\nSaving to: 'fly\/fly.robinio.ch\/index.html'\r\n\r\nfly.robinio.ch\/index.html [ <=> ] 8.87K --.-KB\/s in 0.01s\r\n\r\nLast-modified header missing -- time-stamps turned off.\r\n2015-10-02 13:10:49 (870 KB\/s) - 'fly\/fly.robinio.ch\/index.html' saved [9079]\r\n\r\nLoading robots.txt; please ignore errors.\r\n--2015-10-02 13:10:49-- http:\/\/fly.robinio.ch\/robots.txt\r\nConnecting to fly.robinio.ch (fly.robinio.ch)|194.126.200.41|:80... connected.\r\nHTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK\r\nLength: 106\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
\r\nSaving to: 'fly\/fly.robinio.ch\/robots.txt'\r\n\r\nfly.robinio.ch\/robots.txt 100%[===================================================================>] 106 --.-KB\/s in 0s\r\n\r\n.....\r\n\r\nFINISHED --2015-10-02 13:10:51--\r\nTotal wall clock time: 6.9s\r\nDownloaded: 17 files, 878K in 0.4s (2.26 MB\/s)\r\nConverting fly\/fly.robinio.ch\/index.html... 13-2\r\nConverting fly\/fly.robinio.ch\/FAQ... 12-1\r\nConverting fly\/fly.robinio.ch\/About... 9-1\r\nConverting fly\/fly.robinio.ch\/css\/compiled\/main.css... 5-1\r\nConverted 4 files in 0.004 seconds.<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
tree<\/h2>\n
With tree you can show the structure of a directory as a ascii-tree.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ tree\r\n.\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 About\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 FAQ\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 bundles\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 fly\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 assets\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 ack.png\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 filezilla.png\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 firefox.png\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 vim.png\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 fonts\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot?\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 img\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 favicon.ico\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 js\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 vendor\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 modernizr-2.6.2-respond-1.1.0.min.js\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 css\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 compiled\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 main.css\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 index.html\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 js\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 compiled\r\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 main.js\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 robots.txt\r\n\r\n11 directories, 17 files<\/pre>\n
fallocate<\/h2>\n
With fallocate you can quickly create dummy files with a given size for testing.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ fallocate -l 100M dummy_file<\/code><\/pre>\n
wc<\/h2>\n
Wc displays the lines, words, and bytes of a given input file.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ wc index.html\r\n 7 428 19748 index.html<\/pre>\n
finger<\/h2>\n
With the finger command you can find out which users are logged in at the moment.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$ finger\r\nLogin Name TTY Idle Login Time Office Phone\r\nrobin Robin Glauser *con 1d Do 12:37\r\nrobin Robin Glauser s00 Fr 13:16<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Introduction This is a list of useful command line tools which I often use during my day. For every tool I have listed a example with the parameters and the output of the tool. Example: $ toolname –option=value –other-option Output of toolname when run on my machine. This might not be identical on your installation. apropos With apropos you can … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1404,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,5],"tags":[151,152,93,57,89,153],"class_list":["post-1402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-development","category-fresh","tag-bash","tag-command","tag-linux","tag-mac","tag-shell","tag-unix"],"yoast_head":"\nList of really handy and\/or useless command line tools - Robin Glauser<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.robinglauser.ch\/blog\/2015\/10\/02\/list-of-really-handy-andor-useless-command-line-tools\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"List of really handy and\/or useless command line tools - Robin Glauser\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introduction This is a list of useful command line tools which I often use during my day. For every tool I have listed a example with the parameters and the output of the tool. Example: $ toolname --option=value --other-option Output of toolname when run on my machine. This might not be identical on your installation. apropos With apropos you can ... 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